HELLO Organic World, This Article explains the procedure of making Organic fertilizer using cow dung and other by-products of a cow.
It is a very popular fertilizer in south India and Asian countries. ( names differ based on location) In India, it is called Panchagavya.
Things you Need:
Fresh Cow Dung-3Kg
Gee-1/2Kg
Milk-1 litre
Curd-1/2 litre
Cow Urine -2 litre.
Water 3 litres.
Container to mix.
Preparation :
- Take fresh cow dung and mix with gee,cover it with cotton cloth and keep it a side for 4 to 8 hours.
- Add water and mix it well and cover with cotton cloth for 3 days
- Then add milk, curd, and cow urine. Mix it well.
- The mix should be stir well in morning and evening for 21 days.
Care :
- Cover it with cotton cloth.
- The container should be Kept under the shade place.
- Don’t add any products of buffalo.
- Mix should be stirred twice a day both in morning and evening.
Usage :
- Use 300/ml of panchagavya in 10 litres of water and spray to plants.
Flow system
- The solution of Panchagavya can be mixed with irrigation water at 50 litres per hectare either through drip irrigation or flow irrigation
| Chemical composition | ||
| pH | : | 5.45 |
| EC dSm2 | : | 10.22 |
| Total N (ppm) | : | 229 |
| Total P (ppm) | : | 209 |
| Total K (ppm) | : | 232 |
| Sodium | : | 90 |
| Calcium | : | 25 |
| IAA (ppm) | : | 8.5 |
| GA (ppm) | : | 3.5 |
| Microbial Load | ||
| Fungi | : | 38800/ml |
| Bacteria | : | 1880000/ml |
| Lactobacillus | : | 2260000/ml |
| Total anaerobes | : | 10000/ml |
| Acid formers | : | 360/ml |
| Methanogen | : | 250/ml |
Effect of Panchagavya
Leaf
Plants sprayed with Panchagavya invariably produce bigger leaves and develop denser canopy. The photosynthetic system is activated for enhanced biological efficiency, enabling synthesis of maximum metabolites and photosynthates.
Stem
The trunk produces side shoots, which are sturdy and capable of carrying maximum fruits to maturity. Branching is comparatively high.
Roots
The rooting is profuse and dense. Further they remain fresh for a long time. The roots spread and grow into deeper layers were also observed. All such roots help maximum intake of nutrients and water.
Yield
There will be yield depression under normal circumstances, when the land is converted to organic farming from inorganic systems of culture. The key feature of Panchagavya is its efficacy to restore the yield level of all crops when the land is converted from inorganic cultural system to organic culture from the very first year. The harvest is advanced by 15 days in all the crops.It not only enhances the shelf life of vegetables, fruits and grains, but also improves the taste. By reducing or replacing costly chemical inputs, Panchagavya ensures higher profit and liberates the organic farmers from loan.
Drought Hardiness
A thin oily film is formed on the leaves and stems, thus reducing the evaporation of water. The deep and extensive roots developed by the plants allow withstanding long dry periods. Both the above factors contribute to reduce the irrigation water requirement by 30% and to ensure drought hardiness.
Chemical composition and effect Source:
Selvaraj, N., B. Anitha, B. Anusha and M. Guru Saraswathi. 2007. Organic Horticulture. Horticultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Udhagamandalam-643 001.
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